翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Southery ・ Souther–Hillman–Furay Band ・ Southesk Formation ・ Southesk Parish, New Brunswick ・ Southey ・ Southey and Gotleigh Moors ・ Southey Green ・ Southey Green, Essex ・ Southey, Saskatchewan ・ Southern tree hyrax ・ Southern Tsimshian dialect ・ Southern tuco-tuco ・ Southern Tutchone ・ Southern two-lined salamander ・ Southern Ukraine ・ Southern Union Co. v. United States ・ Southern Union Company ・ Southern Union Gas Company Building ・ Southern Union State Community College ・ Southern Unionist ・ Southern United F.C. ・ Southern United FC ・ Southern United Professional Racing ・ Southern United States ・ Southern United States Pipe Band Association ・ Southern United States Trade Association ・ Southern Universities Association of Change Ringers ・ Southern University ・ Southern University at New Orleans ・ Southern University at Shreveport Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Southern Union Co. v. United States ： ウィキペディア英語版 Southern Union Co. v. United States Southern Union Co. v. United States was a Supreme Court decision that applied the rule set out in ''Apprendi v. New Jersey'' - that certain non-conviction elements of a crime must be proved to a jury - to criminal penalties. The 6-3 decision was authored by Justice Sonia Sotomayor. ==Background== Southern Union Company was convicted of storing hazardous liquid mercury without a permit, “on or about September 19, 2002 to October 19, 2004,” in violation of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. § 6901 et seq.). The jury was not asked to determine the exact duration of the violation. In sentencing, the probation office set a maximum fine of $38.1 million, calculated by assessing the $50,000 maximum daily fine for each of the 762 days between September 19, 2002 and October 19, 2004. Respondent appealed on the basis that the jury never determined the exact duration of the violation. The Court of Appeals for the First Circuit upheld the sentence, agreeing that the jury had not determined the duration of the violation, but holding that ''Apprendi'' did not apply to criminal fines. The Supreme Court reversed, holding there is no principled distinction between criminal fines and imprisonment for the purpose of ''Apprendi'' because ''Apprendi'' requires that any fact other than a prior conviction that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the statutory maximum must be submitted to the jury and determined beyond a reasonable doubt. The rule preserves the historic fact-finding function of the jury, deciding that where a fine is sufficiently substantial to trigger the Sixth Amendment jury-trial guarantee, ''Apprendi'' applies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Southern Union Co. v. United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.